Overview of thermal printheads
Thermal printheads are devices used to print using thermally sensitive materials (i.e. thermal paper, thermal transfer ribbon) by energizing resistors mounted on a substrate to generate joule heat.
Thermal paper, which is low-cost, easy to handle, and virtually maintenance-free, is used in wide variety of applications, including fax machines, printers, and ticketing equipment.
What's more, improved characteristics such as recording quality and speed have expanded the application range.
Thick-Film and Thin-Film Types (Thermal Printheads)
Thermal printheads are roughly classified into thick-film and thin-film types based on the manufacturing method, materials, and structure.
| Method | Production Process Comparison |
|---|---|
| Thick Film | Film formation by screen printing(Conduction pattern creation via photo-etching) |
| Thin Film | Film formation by sputtering or metal deposition(Conduction pattern creation via photo-etching) |
[Thermal Printhead Manufacturing Method Comparison]
Printing Methods Using Thermal Printheads
Thermal Method
A method of printing achieved by contacting heat elements with thermal paper (special heat-sensitive paper). Frequently used for receipt printers.
| Advantages | ● No need for toner, ribbon, or ink ● Simple printer structure ● Easy to install paper |
|---|---|
| Disadvantages | ● Susceptible to temperature and scratches |
Thermal Transfer Method
A method in which a wax or resin-based ink tape (ribbon) is melted (glued) onto a material such as paper using heat.
| Advantages | ● Excellent water and chemical resistance ● Compatible with plain paper |
|---|---|
| Disadvantages | ● High running costs ● Complicated printer structure ● Difficult to install paper/tape (ribbon) |
